Objective To analyze the interactive characteristics of health literacy between patients with chronic heart failure and their family caregivers, and to construct dyadic personas, thereby providing a reference for targeted interventions. Methods A purposive sample of 18 dyads of hospitalized patients with chronic heart failure and their family caregivers were recruited.A descriptive qualitative research method was employed, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews.Interview data were analyzed using content analysis to construct dyadic personas and generate word clouds. Results The labels for health literacy interaction personas were categorized into five dimensions:health information interaction, health behavior interaction, role functioning, external support, and emotional interaction.Four types of health literacy interaction personas across three categories were identified, including dominant-subordinate (including health information acquisition-dependent subtype and health information application-depen-dent subtype), contradictory-conflict, and collaborative-mutually promotive. Conclusion The dyadic interaction personas of health literacy in patients with chronic heart failure and their family caregivers are diverse and possess distinct characteristics.Personalized intervention strategies should be developed based on the characteristics of the dyad to achieve synergistic improvement in health li-teracy and enhance health outcomes.