Objective To identify the latent profiles characteristicsof second victim experiences and support among nurses, and to explore their impact on posttraumatic growth and turnover intention, so as to provide a reference fordeveloping targeted intervention strategies. Methods A total of 560 nurses who encountered patient safety incidents were recruited from 3 tertiary Class A general hospitals in Hangzhou using convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the general information questionnaire, the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool, the Chinese-Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, and the Turnover Intention Questionnaire. Results Nurses′ second victim experience and support were categorized into three latent profiles:high distress-high support group (36.3%),moderate distress-low support group (26.2%), and distress-support imbalance group (37.5%). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that, after controlling for general demographic data, the latent profiles of second victim experiences and support among nurses had significant effects on both posttraumatic growth and turnover intention (all P<0.05). Conclusion Nurses′ second victim experiences and support demonstrate significant heterogeneity, special attention should be paid to the moderate distress-low support group and high distress-high support group. Nurse managers are supposed to implement targeted interventions and management measures corresponding to the characteristics of each latent profile, so as to promote nurses′ positive psychological recovery after trauma and lower the incidence of adverse occupational outcomes.