Objective To explore the application effect of the experience-based co-design (EBCD) on parenting competence and breastfeeding practice of primiparas. Methods Using the convenience sampling method, primiparas who underwent cesarean section were selected as research subjects and divided into an experimental group (n=82) and an control group (n=82) according to different wards they admitted to. The experimental group received health education under the EBCD model, while the control group was given routine health education. The two groups were compared regarding primiparas′ parenting sense of competence and breastfeeding stress assessed on the day of discharge and at 6 months postpartum, the quality of discharge guidance on discharge day, and the exclusive breastfeeding rate within 6 months after delivery. Results A total of 80 participants in each group completed the research. After intervention, the experimental group achieved significantly higher scores of parenting sense of competence and discharge guidance quality, lower breastfeeding stress scores, and a higher exclusive breastfeeding rate within 6 months postpartum compared with the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion Health education delivered by the EBCD model for primiparas undergoing cesarean section can improve their parenting competence and discharge readiness, effectively reduce breastfeeding stress, and raise the exclusive breastfeeding rate within the first 6 months after childbirth.