Objective To define and analyze the conceptual connotation of information foraging among diabetic patients based on Rodgers′ evolutionary concept analysis, and to provide theoretical evidence for the development of evaluation tools and the design of nursing interventions. Methods A systematic search was conducted in CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect for literature related to information foraging among patients with diabetes. The included studies were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Using Rodgers′ evolutionary concept analysis as the theoretical framework, the concept of information foraging among patients with diabetes was analyzed from six aspects:concept evolution, differentiation from related concepts, attributes, antecedents, consequences, and model cases. On this basis, the concept and its conceptual framework were developed. Results A total of 45 studies were included,among which 13 were Chinese papers and 32 were English papers. The core attributes of information foraging among patients with diabetes were demand-driven behavior, acquisition of cues from multiple sources, weighing costs against benefits, and dynamic adjustment of strategies. The antecedents included disease development-related factors, digital health literacy and related factors, the information ecological environment, and social support systems. The consequences included empowerment and benefits, as well as burden and risks. Conclusion This concept analysis clarified the connotation of information foraging among patients with diabetes mellitus and provided theoretical support for the development of assessment tools and the design of nursing interventions.