This paper provides a review of low-volume high-intensity interval training (LV-HIIT), including its exercise types, principles, duration, and frequency, as well as its application in populations with diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, overweight/obesity, and cancer.The advantages of LV-HIIT are analyzed and future directions are suggested, with the aim of providing a re-ference for designing feasible LV-HIIT regimen for patients with chronic diseases.